China's lead trade negotiator Li Chenggang has drawn both criticism and praise for his tough style as he steers delicate talks with the United States, reports Reuters.

US Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent branded Li "unhinged" ahead of an October summit, accusing him of breaching protocol. But diplomats and businesspeople described the 58-year-old vice commerce minister as pragmatic, well-prepared and commanding, with deep knowledge of trade law and US demands.

Mr Li played a central role in stabilising relations in 2025, helping secure a truce that deferred rare earth export controls and committed China to buy 12 million tons of US soybeans. Analysts said his priority now is to maintain the truce and prepare for US President Donald Trump's planned visit to China in April.

Born in Anhui province and educated at Peking University and Hamburg University, Mr Li rose through the Ministry of Commerce, overseeing treaty and law matters before representing China at the WTO from 2021 to 2025. Colleagues recalled his networking skills, porcelain collecting and hosting of elaborate dinners.

At the WTO, he was seen as constructive but also forceful, pushing China's role in reshaping trade rules. Observers said he is adept at using legal instruments to advance Beijing's aims and is expected to remain a leading figure in US-China negotiations for years.