The European Union is advancing ammonia as a potential clean fuel for deep-sea shipping despite delays at the UN's International Maritime Organisation (IMO), reports Brussels-based Euractiv.

The IMO postponed adoption of its first binding Net Zero framework, creating uncertainty for global carriers. In contrast, the EU's FuelEU Maritime initiative aims to accelerate low-emission energy use, positioning Europe as a leader in maritime climate policy.

Ammonia's role was highlighted at an event hosted by Ammonia Europe and Euractiv on October 30. Experts stressed the need for joined-up policies such as the EU Maritime Industrial Strategy and Sustainable Transport Investment Plan to build clean ammonia markets.

Ammonia produced with renewable energy emits no carbon when burned and benefits from existing global trade networks. Investing in ammonia-ready vessels and infrastructure could reduce costs and speed the transition to cleaner fuels.

Manuela Tomassini of the European Maritime Safety Agency said collaboration across industry and regulators is vital to ensure safe adoption. She noted 154 ammonia-fuelled and 261 ammonia-ready vessels have been ordered as of September 2025.

European Commission policy officer Moises Blanco Rios said the bloc remains technology neutral, with ammonia seen as part of the decarbonisation puzzle. MEP Sergio Goncalves criticised the IMO delay and urged EU states to push for agreement in 2026.

University College London researcher Domagoj Baresic said continued discussion is needed to manage expectations and mobilise support. Roy Campe of CMB.TECH added that investing in diesel ships locks in emissions for decades, arguing ammonia will be a key fuel for large vessels.